今天考「专八」了sm 调教。据说本次2024年4月13日英语专科八级波及到的考生年龄有2016级、2017级、2018级、2019级、2020级。

　　低情商：专八执行

　　高情商：英专生五世同堂约聚、独属英专生的春运

　　外传本年作文是让上了N年网课的大学生们锐评网课，借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），咱们就来望望网课磋磨话题吧。

　　🤔️小功课：

　　1. What is the general sentiment expressed by educators about the shift to online education during the pandemic?

　　A) They view it as a temporary and imperfect solution.

　　B) They believe it will completely replace traditional classrooms.

　　C) They consider it superior to in-person education.

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　　D) They feel unprepared and unwilling to adapt.

　　2. Which of the following best describes the typical setup of the emergency online classes mentioned in the article?

　　A) Classes are fully interactive with advanced digital tools.

　　B) Classes consist of pre-recorded lectures and automated assessments.

　　C) Classes involve simple， direct videoconferencing without sophisticated infrastructure.

　　D) Classes are asynchronous with students studying at different times.

　　

　　无谨防原文：

　　Will the Coronavirus Forever Alter the College Experience?

　　From: The New York Times

　　A professor at Loyola University New Orleans taught his first virtual class from his courtyard， wearing a bathrobe and sipping from a glass of wine. Faculty at Lafayette College， in Easton， Penn.， trained in making document cameras at home using cardboard and rubber bands.

　　The disruption caused by the coronavirus pandemic has prompted cobbled-together responses ranging from the absurd to the ingenious at colleges and universities struggling to continue teaching even as their students have receded into diminutive images， in dire need of haircuts， on videoconference checkerboards.

　　But while all of this is widely being referred to as online higher education， that’s not really what most of it is， at least so far. As for predictions that it will trigger a permanent exodus from brick-and-mortar campuses to virtual classrooms， all indications are that it probably won’t.

　　“What we are talking about when we talk about online education is using digital technologies to transform the learning experience，” said Vijay Govindarajan， a professor at Dartmouth’s Tuck School of Business. “That is not what is happening right now.”

　　There will be some important lasting impacts， though， experts say: Faculty may incorporate online tools， to which many are being exposed for the first time， into their conventional classes. And students are experiencing a flexible type of learning they may not like as undergraduates， but could return to when it’s time to get a graduate degree.

　　These trends may not transform higher education， but they are likely to accelerate the integration of technology into it.

　　This semester “has the potential to raise expectations of using these online resources to complement what we were doing before， in an evolutionary way， not a revolutionary way，” said Eric Fredericksen， associate vice president for online learning at the University of Rochester. “That’s the more permanent impact.”

　　Real online education lets students move at their own pace and includes such features as continual assessments so they can jump ahead as soon as they’ve mastered a skill， Dr. Fredericksen and others said.

　　Conceiving， planning， designing and developing a genuine online course or program can consume as much as a year of faculty training and collaboration with instructional designers， and often requires student orientation and support and a complex technological infrastructure.

　　If anything， what people are mistaking now for online education — long class meetings in videoconference rooms， professors in their bathrobes， do-it-yourself tools made of rubber bands and cardboard — appears to be making them less， not more， open to it.

　　“The pessimistic view is that [students] are going to hate it and never want to do this again， because all they’re doing is using Zoom to reproduce everything that’s wrong with traditional passive， teacher-centered modes of teaching，” said Bill Cope， a professor of education policy， organization and leadership at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

　　- ◆ -

　　注：完竣题目见本文开头；汉文文本为机器翻译并非逐个双应，仅供参考

　　含谨防全文：

　　Will the Coronavirus Forever Alter the College Experience?

　　From: The New York Times

　　A professor at Loyola University New Orleans taught his first virtual class from hiscourtyard， wearing abathrobeandsippingfrom a glass of wine.Facultyat Lafayette College， in Easton， Penn.， trained in making document cameras at home using cardboard andrubber bands.

　　新奥尔良洛约拉大学（Loyola University New Orleans）的一位教授从自家院子里老师了他的第一节网课，他一稔浴袍，常常常抿一口葡萄酒。宾州伊斯顿拉法耶特学院（Lafayette College）的教员们领受了何如用硬纸板和橡皮筋在家里制作什物投影机的教师。

　　courtyard

　　courtyard /ˈkɔːt.jɑːd/ 暗示“庭院，院子”，英文证据为“an area of flat ground outside that is partly or completely surrounded by the walls of a building”

　　bathrobe

　　bathrobe /ˈbɑːθ.rəʊb/ 暗示“浴衣，浴袍”，英文证据为“a loose piece of clothing like a coat， usually made of thick towelling material， worn informally inside the house， especially before or after a bath”

　　sip

　　sip /sɪp/ 作名词，暗示“一小口（饮料）”，英文证据为“a very small amount of a drink that you take into your mouth”如：to have/take a sip of water 喝一小涎水。

　　作动词，暗示“呷，啜”，英文证据为“to drink， taking only a very small amount at a time”举个🌰：This tea is very hot， so sip it carefully. 这茶很烫，喝的时候小心点。

　　faculty

　　faculty /ˈfæk.əl.ti/ 1）暗示“官能，机能”，英文证据为“a natural ability to hear， see， think， move， etc.”举个🌰：Even at the age of 100， she still had all her faculties. 甚而在百岁乐龄时，她的一亲自体机能仍然保持正常。

　　2）暗示“才略，才智”，英文证据为“a special ability to do a particular thing”举个🌰：She has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people. 她具有激励他东说念主信心的才略。

　　3）好意思式，暗示“（高级院校中院系的）整体教师”，英文证据为“the people who teach in a department in a college”举个🌰：He has been a faculty member at the college for 20 years. 他在学院任教已有20年。

　　rubber band

　　rubber band /ˌrʌb.ə ˈbænd/ 暗示“橡皮圈，橡皮筋”，英文证据为“a thin ring of rubber used for holding things together”举个🌰：She put a rubber band around the box. 她在盒子上套了一个橡皮筋。

　　The disruption caused by the coronaviruspandemichasprompted cobbled-togetherresponses ranging from theabsurdto theingeniousat colleges and universities struggling to continue teaching even as their students haverecededintodiminutiveimages， indireneed of haircuts， on videoconferencecheckerboards.

　　新冠疫情打乱了高校的教学举止，迫使各个高校急促中顶住，或格外或玄妙，竭力于将教学赓续下去，尽管学生们齐已辞谢为视频会议屏幕上格子里的小图，况兼急需剃头。

　　pandemic

　　韦氏辞书2020年度词汇：Pandemic. pandemic /pænˈdem.ɪk/ 1）作名词，暗示“（天下或全球性）流行病；大流行病”，英文证据为“a disease that spreads over a whole country or the whole world”；

　　2）作描画词，暗示“（疾病）大限制流行的，闲居推广的”，英文证据为“(of a disease) existing in almost all of an area or in almost all of a group of people， animals， or plants”举个🌰：In some parts of the world malaria is still pandemic. 辞世界上一些地区疟疾仍在大限制流行。

　　对比：

　　📍epidemic暗示“流行病”，英文证据为“a large number of cases of a particular disease happening at the same time in a particular community”，如：the outbreak of a flu epidemic 流感的爆发。

　　prompt

　　prompt /prɒmpt/ 作名词，1）暗示“（计较机屏幕上的）领导符（炫耀计较机依然准备好领受指示）”，英文证据为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”

　　📍在ChatGPT火热的今天，prompt频繁指的是给模子的输入，用来激励或指挥模子生成特定的输出或回答。简而言之，prompt是指用户提供给说话模子的一段笔墨或大喊，以便模子据此和会用户的需求并给出相应的反应或信息。举例，在与像ChatGPT这样的大说话模子交互时，用户建议的问题或指示即是一个“prompt”。模子会凭据这个prompt的实质分析、处理并生成回答或实行磋磨的任务。Prompt关于大说话模子来说口角常短处的，因为它成功决定了模子何如和会和复兴用户的需求。

　　📍prompt汉文里有译为“领导词”，prompt engineering 即是“领导工程/领导词工程”。

　　2）暗示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文证据为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”

　　3）作动词，暗示“促使；导致；激起”，英文证据为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了东说念主群中一须眉的大怒。

　　📺好意思剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不舒坦。

　　

　　4）作动词，暗示“（尤指）给（演员）提词”，英文证据为“to help someone， especially an actor， to remember what they were going to say or do”举个🌰：I forgot my line and had to be prompted. 我忘词了，只好让东说念主提词。

　　cobbled-together

　　cobble sth together 暗示“行将就木；东拼西凑；急促拼凑”，英文证据为“to do or make something quickly and not very carefully”举个🌰：I just had to cobble this meal together from what I had in the fridge. 我只得用雪柜里现成的东西免强这顿饭。

　　cobbled-together 作描画词，用来姿色快速或临时拼凑起来的经管决策，频繁这些决策是在莫得填塞时代或资源准备的情况下制定的。

　　absurd

　　absurd /əbˈsɜːd， -ˈzɜːd/ 暗示“格外的；荒唐的；荒唐绝伦的”，英文证据为“completely ridiculous; not logical and sensible ”举个🌰：Of course it's not true， what an absurd idea. 那天然不对乎事实，这个想法太荒唐了！

　　ingenious

　　ingenious /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/ 暗示“（东说念主）灵敏的；（物品等）制作小巧的；（规范等）玄妙的”，英文证据为“(of a person) very intelligent and skilful， or (of a thing) skilfully made or planned and involving new ideas and methods”如：an ingenious idea/method/solution 玄妙的主意/规范/经管主见。

　　recede

　　recede /rɪˈsiːd/ 暗示“渐渐隔离；变得腌臜，渐渐荒凉”，英文证据为“to move further away into the distance， or to become less clear or less bright”举个🌰：As the boat picked up speed， the coastline receded into the distance until finally it became invisible. 船越开越快，海岸线渐渐远去，直至临了从视野中淹没。

　　diminutive

　　diminutive /dɪˈmɪn.jə.tɪv/ 暗示“眇小的，矮小的”，英文证据为“very small”

　　dire

　　dire /daɪər/ 暗示“严重的；危机的；极点的”，英文证据为“very serious or extreme”，如：living in dire poverty 生计赤贫，dire warnings/threats 严重的劝诫/要挟，举个🌰：These people are in dire need of help. 这些东说念主急需赈济。

　　📍这个词来自拉丁语“dirus”，意味着“可怕的”。用来描画“极其严重的”或“可怕的”情况。联想一个国度急需食品和医疗用品的情况。近义词：grave（严重的），常用短语：dire consequences（严重为止）

　　checkerboard

　　checkerboard /ˈtʃek.ə.bɔː.d/ 1）暗示“棋盘式图案，方格图案（玄色和淡色正方形相间图案，一样泰西跳棋棋盘）”，英文证据为“a pattern of dark and light squares like the one on a board used for playing draughts”如：a checkerboard of black and white tiles in the entrance hall 门厅地上的短长棋盘式地砖图案。

　　2）暗示“性质迥怪事物的共存，散乱有致的散布”，英文证据为“an area or thing made up of several separate things with different features”如：a checkerboard of private and public land 私东说念主和环球地皮散乱有致散布。

　　But while all of this is widely being referred to as online higher education， that's not really what most of it is， at least so far. As for predictions that it willtriggera permanentexodusfrombrick-and-mortarcampuses to virtual classrooms， all indications are that it probably won't.

　　诚然扫数这一切齐被闲居地称为在线高级训诫，但其中的大部分至少到目下为止并不行行动在线高级训诫。至于那些称这将引发从实体校园到诬捏教室弥远性升沉的考虑，扫数迹象齐标明那或许不会发生。

　　trigger

　　trigger /ˈtrɪɡ.ər/ 1）作动词，除了暗示“发动；引起；触发”，英文证据为“to make sth happen suddenly”举个🌰：Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction. 坚果不错引起严重的过敏反应。

　　2）作名词，暗示“扳机”，英文证据为“The trigger of a gun is a small lever which you pull to fire it.”举个🌰：A man pointed a gun at them and pulled the trigger. 一个男东说念主用枪指着他们，扣动了扳机。

　　一样的还有：

　　📍stir暗示“激励，激起（浓烈的情感）；引起（浓烈的反应）”，英文证据为“to make someone have a strong feeling or reaction”举个🌰：The poem succeeds in stirring the imagination. 这首诗偶然激励起联想力。

　　📍provoke也暗示“激起，引起”，英文证据为“to cause a reaction or feeling， especially a sudden one”，如：provoke debate/discussion 激起辩白/接头。

　　📍spur 饱读舞；激励；推进；刺激；饱读舞”，英文证据为“If one thing spurs you to do another， it encourages you to do it.”举个🌰：It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk a long ocean journey in their flimsy boats. 是财富驱使这些渔民驾驶单薄的划子冒险出海远航。

　　🎬电影《龙之心3：巫师的哀痛》（Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse）中的台词提到：To spur the clans to war. 激励部族发起干戈。

　　

　　exodus

　　exodus /ˈek.sə.dəs/ 1）暗示“（多数东说念主的）退出，离开”，英文证据为“the movement of a lot of people from a place”举个🌰：There has been a mass exodus of workers from the villages to the towns. 一直有多量工东说念主一语气不停从农村涌入城市。

　　2）Exodus大写时暗示“《出埃及记》（基督教《圣经‧旧约》第二卷，纪录摩西率领以色列东说念主离开埃及之事）”，英文证据为“the second book of the Bible telling of Moses and the journey of the Israelites out of Egypt”

　　brick-and-mortar

　　brick-and-mortar /ˌbrɪk.ənˈmɔː.tər/ 暗示“（商店等）实体的”，英文证据为“existing as a physical building， especially a shop， rather than doing business only on the internet”如：a brick-and-mortar retailer 实体零卖店，brick-and-mortar bookstores 实体书店。

　　“What we are talking about when we talk about online education is using digital technologies to transform the learning experience，” said Vijay Govindarajan， a professor at Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business. “That is not what is happening right now.”

　　“咱们所说的在线训诫，是指使用数字技艺来蜕变学习资格，”达特茅斯大学塔克商学院（Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business）教授维贾伊·戈文达拉扬（Vijay Govindarajan）说。“脚下并非如斯。”

　　There will be some important lasting impacts， though， experts say: Faculty mayincorporateonline tools， to which many are beingexposedfor the first time， into theirconventionalclasses. And students are experiencing a flexible type of learning they may not like as undergraduates， but could return to when it's time to get a graduate degree.

　　不外，众人们说，这将产生一些迫切且历久的影响：教师们可能会将在线器具伙同到他们的传统课堂中来，他们中的好多东说念主是第一次斗争这些器具。学生们正在资格一种活泼的学习形态，他们在本科生阶段可能不可爱这种形态，但在他们读研究生时，可能会回到这种形态上来。

　　incorporate

　　incorporate /ɪnˈkɔː.pər.eɪt/ 1）暗示“包含；将…包括在内”，英文证据为“If one thing incorporates another thing， it includes the other thing.”举个🌰：The new cars will incorporate a number of major improvements. 这种新式汽车将包含好多首要的鼎新。

　　2）暗示“使并入”，英文证据为“If someone or something is incorporated into a large group， system， or area， they become a part of it.”

　　🎬电影《草叶》（Leaves of Grass）中的台词提到：We've been wanting to incorporate more philosophy into the curriculum. 咱们一直很想在课程中加多更多的形而上学课程。

　　

　　expose

　　expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/ 1）暗示“露馅；知道；使曝光”，英文证据为“to remove what is covering something so that it can be seen”举个🌰：The plaster on the walls has been removed to expose the original bricks underneath. 墙上的灰泥已被惶恐，知道了内部本来的墙砖。

　　2）expose sb to sth 暗示“使…遭受（无益或不快的遇到）；使…露馅于（险境）；使斗争；使体验”，英文证据为“to make it likely that someone will experience something harmful or unpleasant”举个🌰：About 800，000 children are exposed to poisons each year. 每年有约莫80万儿童中毒。

　　conventional

　　conventional /kənˈven.ʃən.əl/ 暗示“传统的；旧例的；普通的”，英文证据为“traditional and ordinary”如：conventional behaviour 传统行径，conventional clothes 传统服装。

　　These trends may not transform higher education， but they are likely to accelerate theintegrationof technology into it.

　　这些趋势可能不会蜕变高级训诫的形态，但可能会加速将技艺与高级训诫伙同的速率。

　　integration

　　integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən/ 暗示“整合，交融”，英文证据为“the action or process of combining two or more things in an effective way”举个🌰：He creates a seamless integration of contemporary and historic images. 他完成了现代和历史图像的无缝整合。

　　Thissemester“has the potential to raise expectations of using these online resources tocomplementwhat we were doing before， in anevolutionaryway， not arevolutionaryway，” said Eric Fredericksen， associate vice president for online learning at the University of Rochester. “That's the more permanent impact.”

　　这个学期“有可能会提升一种生机，那即是咱们将用这些在线资源来补充咱们之前所作念的使命，但这会是一种渐进的形态，而不是翻新的形态，”罗切斯特大学（University of Rochester）阐扬在线学习的副校长埃里克·弗雷德里克森（Eric Fredericksen）说。“这是更历久的影响。”

　　semester

　　semester /sɪˈmes.tər/ 暗示“（尤指好意思国和澳大利亚大学的）学期”，英文证据为“one of the periods into which a year is divided at a college or university， especially in the US and Australia”如：the first/second semester 第一/第二学期，the spring/fall semester 春季/秋季学期。

　　complement

　　complement /ˈkɒm.plɪ.ment/ 暗示“补充；补足；使完善；：为…增色”，英文证据为“to make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it”举个🌰：Strawberries and cream complement each other perfectly. 草莓加奶油井水不犯河水。

　　📍分歧：

　　compliment 不错作动词，也不错作名词，暗示“传颂；奖饰；钦佩”，英文证据为“to tell sb that you like or admire sth they have done， their appearance， etc.”举个🌰：She complimented him on his excellent German. 她夸奖他德语棒极了。

　　evolutionary

　　evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ər.i/ 1）暗示“进化的”，英文证据为“relating to the way in which living things develop over millions of years”

　　2）暗示“演变的；渐渐发展的”，英文证据为“involving a gradual process of change and development”举个🌰：The change has been evolutionary rather than revolutionary. 这种变革是渐进的，而不是翻新性的。

　　revolutionary

　　revolutionary /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i/ 暗示“翻新的，翻新性的”，英文证据为“involved in or relating to a revolution”

　　Real online education lets students move at their own pace and includes such features as continual assessments so they can jump ahead as soon as they've mastered a skill， Dr. Fredericksen and others said.

　　弗雷德里克森过头他东说念主说，真的的在线训诫是让学生按照我方的节律学习，并提供对学生进行聚会评估的功能，这样他们在掌合手了一项手段后，能尽早迈出下一步。

　　Conceiving， planning， designing and developing a genuine online course or program can consume as much as a year of faculty training and collaboration with instructional designers， and often requires studentorientationand support and a complex technologicalinfrastructure.

　　构想、盘算、设计和发展一个真的的在线课程或技俩可能需要长达一年的时代，包括教师的培训以及与教学设计师的协作，况兼往往需要学生的教师和支持，以及复杂的技艺基础要领。

　　conceive

　　conceive /kənˈsiːv/ 1）conceive (of) sth (as sth)暗示“想出（主意、筹画等）；联想；构想；遐想”，英文证据为“to form an idea， a plan， etc. in your mind; to imagine sth”举个🌰：God is often conceived of as male. 天主常常被联想为男性。

　　2）另一个含义暗示“怀胎；怀（胎）”，英文证据为“When a woman conceives or conceives a child， she becomes pregnant”

　　🎬电影《云图》（Cloud Atlas）中的台词提到：One may transcend any convention， if only one can first conceive of doing so. 一个东说念主不错冲突任何陋习，只好这个东说念主能最初猜想这样作念。

　　

　　🎬电影《临了的维加斯》（Last Vegas）中的台词提到：My brain cannot conceive how old this body is. 我的脑袋没主见领受老去的躯体。

　　

　　🎵歌曲《A Better Way》中就有这样一句歌词：I'll try 我会尝试 Try to believe it 尝试着去征服 Try to conceive it 尝试着去想索 By using your bone 循着你的脚步 There's gotta be a way to get out of here 我定会找到主见从此地脱困

　　📍well-conceived 暗示“商量周详的，悉心构想的”，ill-conceived /ˌɪl.kənˈsiːvd/ 暗示“筹画不周的；不理智的”，英文证据为“badly planned and unwise”举个🌰：The whole project was ill-conceived. 通盘技俩筹画不周。

　　orientation

　　orientation /ˌɔː.ri.enˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1）暗示“（某东说念主的）尽头喜好，价值取向，信仰不雅念”，英文证据为“the particular things that a person prefers， believes， thinks， or usually does”

　　2）暗示“兴味；取向；筹画”，英文证据为“the particular interests， activities， or aims of an organization or business”如：the company's new eco-friendly orientation 公司保护生态环境的新定位。

　　3）暗示“（对新使命、新举止的）培训，准备”，英文证据为“training or preparation for a new job or activity”举个🌰：The department has arranged an orientation session. 这个部门安排了一次岗前培训。

　　4）暗示“安排；处所”，英文证据为“arrangement or direction”举个🌰：The building has an east-west orientation (= it is built on a line between east and west). 这幢大楼是东西向的。

　　📍2024年政府使命论说Part 8提到：增强宏不雅计策取向一致性。We should enhance the consistency of macro policyorientation.

　　infrastructure

　　infrastructure /ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/ 暗示“基础要领”，英文证据为“the basic systems and services， such as transport and power supplies， that a country or organization uses in order to work effectively”举个🌰：The war has badly damaged the country's infrastructure. 干戈严重松弛了该国的基础要领。

　　If anything， what people are mistaking now for online education — long class meetings in videoconference rooms， professors in their bathrobes， do-it-yourself tools made of rubber bands and cardboard — appears to be making them less， not more， open to it.

　　要是一定要把东说念主们当今误认为是在线训诫的东西——视频会议室里漫长的课时、穿浴袍的教授、用橡皮筋和硬纸板我方动手作念的器具——说成是在线训诫的话，这似乎会镌汰东说念主们对在线训诫的领受经过，而不是提升。

　　“Thepessimisticview is that [students] are going to hate it and never want to do this again， because all they're doing is using Zoom to reproduce everything that's wrong with traditional passive， teacher-centered modes of teaching，” said Bill Cope， a professor of education policy， organization and leadership at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

　　“悲不雅的成见是，（学生们）正在厌烦它，毫不想再上网课，因为他们正在作念的扫数事情只不外是把被迫的、以教师为中心的传统教学模式中扫数的乌有效Zoom复制出来费力，”伊利诺伊大学香槟分校（University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign）的训诫计策、组织和指导力教授比尔·科佩（Bill Cope）说。

　　pessimistic

　　pessimistic /ˌpes.ɪˈmɪs.tɪk/ 暗示“悲不雅的”，英文证据为“thinking that bad things are more likely to happen or emphasizing the bad part of a situation”举个🌰：The tone of the meeting was very pessimistic. 会议的气愤相配悲不雅。

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